I. Introduction
II. Epidemiology of E-Cigarette Use
III. Components and Function of Electronic Cigarettes
1. Aerosol Versus Vapor
2. Components of E-cigarettes
3. Electronic Cigarette Liquids
IV. Potential Adverse Health Effects of Vaping
1. Nicotine and E-Cigarettes
2. Cardiovascular Health and E-Cigarettes
3. Pulmonary Effects of Electronic Cigarettes
4. Cancer
5. Pregnancy
V. Electronic Cigarettes and Secondhand Smoke
VI. Withdrawal
VII. Specific Injuries
VIII. Electronic Cigarettes and Smoking Cessation
IX. Electronic Cigarettes and Adolescents
X. Safe Use of Electronic Cigarettes
XI. Case Study: Vaping and Spontaneous Pneumothorax
XII. Summary