I. Introduction
II. Etiology, Prevalence and Pathogenesis of Atrial Fibrillation
1. Pathogenesis
III. Risk Factors of Atrial Fibrillation
1. Established Risk Factors
IV. Classification of Atrial Fibrillation
1. Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
2. Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
3. Long-standing, Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
4. Permanent Atrial Fibrillation
5. Non-valvular/Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
V. Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation
1. Electrocardiogram
2. Patient Physical Examination and History
VI. Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke
VII. Treatment of New Onset Atrial Fibrillation
1. Signs and Symptoms
2. Identifiable and Correctable Causes
3. Emergency or Immediate Cardioversion
VIII. Treatment of Persistent or Permanent Atrial Fibrillation
1. Rate Control or Rhythm Control
2. Pharmacologic Rhythm Control
3. Rate Control
4. Catheter Ablation
5. AV Node Ablation
6. Cox-Maze Procedure
IX. Prevention of Embolization
1. Assessment of Stroke Risk
2. Assessment of Bleeding Risk
3. Choosing an Anticoagulant
4. Antiplatelet Therapy
5. Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation
X. Summary