I. Introduction
II. Overview of the National Crisis
III. Pharmacology of Opioids
1. Opioids Agonists and Antagonists
IV. Acute Opioid Overdose
1. Signs and Symptoms
V. Specific Opioids
1. Buprenorphine
2. Dextromethorphan
3. Loperamide
4. Methadone
5. Tramadol
VI. Physical Examination, Diagnostic and Screening Tests
1. Observation Time
2. Diagnostic and Screening Tests
VII. Treatment of Opioid Overdose
1. Airway Protection and Oxygen Therapy
2. Naloxone
3. Gastrointestinal Decontamination
VIII. Body Packing, Body Stuffing, and Ingested Fentanyl Patches
1. Body Packing
2. Ingested Fentanyl Patches
IX. Case Study: Opioid Overdose
X. Summary