I. Introduction
II. Motivational Interviewing in Healthcare
III. Motivational Interviewing and the Concept of Ambivalence
IV. Motivational Interviewing and Stages of Change
1. Precontemplation Stage
2. Contemplation Stage
3. Preparation Stage
4. Action Stage
5. Maintenance Stage
6. Termination Stage
V. Motivational Interviewing and its Underlying Principles
1. Motivational Interviewing as an Evidence-based Approach
2. Four Key Principles of Motivational Interviewing
3. Components of Motivational Interviewing
VI. Motivational Interviewing Techniques
1. Motivational Interviewing as an Evidence-based Approach
2. Facilitating the Process
3. Open-Ended Questions, Affirmations, Reflection, Summaries (OARS)
4. Informing or Advice Giving
5. DARN CAT
6. Elicit-Provide-Elicit
7. FRAMES
8. Pros and Cons
9. Non-verbal Communication
VII. Motivational Interviewing Across Age Groups and Cultures
1. Children and Adolescents
2. Older Adults
3. Cultural Influences
VIII. Motivational Interviewing in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases
1. Motivational Interviewing in the Treatment of Diabetes
2. Motivational Interviewing in the Treatment of Heart Disease
IX. Summary